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Objective To analyze the effects of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, IL-6, and HSP-60 gene polymorphism on the incidence rate and prognosis of breast cancer (BCa) for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Results A total of 1551 patients with BCa were included in the experimental group and 1605 women of the same age who participated in physical examination were included in the control group. The clinical data of the 3156 participants were collected through the baseline data questionnaire, and the genotypes of FTO, IL-6, and HSP-60 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were determined through blood sample detection. The predictive value of the three SNPs for the incidence risk of BCa for T2DM patients was evaluated. The OS of 1168 patients with BCa was obtained through follow-up, and the effects of the three SNPs and T2DM on OS of BCa patients were evaluated. Results The three loci were FTO rs3751812, IL-6 rs1800796, and HSP-60 rs2605039. The BCa incidence rate for T2DM women with wild homozygous SNP genotype was significantly higher than that for non-T2DM women (FTO: χ2=3.530, P=0.013; IL-6: χ2=6.288, P=0.029; HSP-60: χ2=4.926, P=0.005). The three wild homozygous genotypes were independent risk factors that influenced the incidence rate of BCa (all P < 0.05). Patients with HSP-60 rs2605039 (GT+TT) genotype had better OS (P=0.031). Conclusion FTO, IL-6, and HSP-60 gene polymorphisms have certain value in BCa prediction for T2DM patients. Patients with BCa and HSP-60 rs2605039 GT+TT genotype have high OS.
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Objective To investigate the value of serum chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) in predicting the risk of decompensation events in patients with liver cirrhosis, since prediction of decompensation events and adoption of active preventive measures are the key to improving the survival time of patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods A case-control study was conducted for 305 patients with liver cirrhosis who were diagnosed and treated in Tianjin Second People's Hospital from January 2019 to May 2021, among whom there were 200 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and 105 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis at baseline. According to whether decompensation events occurred within 1 year, the 305 patients with liver cirrhosis were divided into decompensation group with 79 patients and non-decompensation group with 226 patients; according to whether decompensation events occurred for the first time within 1 year, the 200 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis were divided into first-time decompensation group with 43 patients and non-first-time decompensation group with 157 patients. The independent samples t -test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test or the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between each variable and decompensation events; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to investigate the value of each variable in predicting decompensation events, and the maximum value of Youden index was used to determine the optimal cut-off value. Results The patients who experienced decompensation events within 1 year had a significantly higher baseline serum level of CHI3L1 than those who did not experience such events [243.00 (136.00-372.00) ng/mL vs 117.50 (67.75-205.25) ng/mL, U =4720.500, P < 0.001], and the patients who experienced decompensation events for the first time within 1 year had a significantly higher baseline serum level of CHI3L1 than those who did not experience such events [227.98 (110.00-314.00) ng/mL vs 90.00 (58.00-168.50) ng/mL, U =1 681.500, P < 0.001]. Patients with cirrhosis with higher baseline CHI3L1 levels had an increased risk of decompensation events within 1 year ( OR =1.004, 95% CI : 1.002-1.006, P < 0.001); Patients with compensated cirrhosis with higher baseline serum CHI3L1 levels had an increased risk of first decompensated event within 1 year ( OR =1.006, 95% CI : 1.003-1.008, P < 0.001). The baseline serum level of CHI3L1 had an AUC of 0.751 in predicting the risk of first-time decompensation events, with a sensitivity of 90.7% and a specificity of 55.4% at the optimal cut-off value of 95.5 ng/mL. The predictive model based on the combination of serum CHI3L1 level and Child-Pugh class had an AUC of 0.809, with a sensitivity of 72.1% and a specificity of 77.1% at the maximum value of Youden index. Conclusion Serum CHI3L1 level can be used as an effective predictive factor for the risk of first-time decompensation events in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis, and its combination with Child-Pugh class shows a higher predictive value.
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【Objective:】 To analyze the emotional status and follow-up status of the participants in the drug clinical trials in a hospital during the epidemic prevention and control, with a view to maximizing the protection of participants’ rights and interests under special circumstances. 【Methods:】 The general information, depression screening scale (PHQ-9), anxiety screening scale (GAD-7) and subject compliance assessment scale were completed online by participants with gold data questionnaire. At the same time, the status of drug clinical trials under study and the follow-up status of participants under study were collected from November 1, 2021 to December 8, 2021 and from December 9, 2021 to January 24, 2022. Excel software and SPSS18.0 software were used for data statistics and analysis. 【Results:】 During the epidemic prevention and control, there were 20 drug clinical trial projects under way in the hospital. From December 9, 2021 to January 24, 2022, the planned number of visits was 161, and the actual number of visits to the hospital was 84 (52.2%). Plus 24 participants who mailed drugs, the overall visit rate was 67.1%, among which the visit rates of oral drugs, non-oral drugs, and oral drugs combined with non-oral drugs were 79.3%, 71.9%, and 41.0% respectively. From November 1, 2021 to December 8, 2021, the planned number of visits was 166, the actual number of visits to the hospital was 157 (94.6%), and the number of telephone visits accounted for 1.8% of the total planned number of visits. The number of participants who did not take the drug and those who delayed taking the drug were both 0. The total compliance of participants was as high as 80.0%. A total of 40 valid questionnaires were retrieved, and the detection rates of depression and anxiety were 42.5% and 30.0% respectively. 【Conclusion:】 The epidemic prevention and control has a large short-term impact on the follow-up of the participants under study. The formulation of relevant follow-up measures and the conduction of classification management can not only improve the emotions of the participants to a certain extent, but also protect the rights and interests of participants, providing suggestions for the follow-up of participants under emergencies in the future.
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The miR-34 family plays an important role in gastric cancer, and the inactivation or reduced expression of the miR-34 family is detected in gastric cancer cell lines and gastric cancer tissues compared with normal gastric mucosa tissues, indicating it is associated with the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Studies have shown that miR-34 plays a key role in inhibiting gastric cancer progression by regulating IGF2BP3, survivin, Bcl-2 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related pathway, indicating that miR-34 is an important target for gastric cancer treatment. In terms of clinical treatment, miR-34 has not only been proved to have radiochemotherapy sensitization, but also achieved good curative effect in tumor clinical trials. With the emergence of miR-34 vectors targeting gastric cancer, it is possible to use it for gastric cancer treatment. Deep understanding of the molecular basis and clinical efficacy of miR-34 for gastric cancer treatment can help to evaluate the potential of the miR-34 family as a new therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Objective@#To examine the association between the cross-resistance to ethionamide (Eto) and isoniazid (INH) and mutations of drug resistant genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), so as to provide the evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis.@*Methods@#Totally 126 MTB clinical isolates were selected, including 88 MDR-MTB clinical isolates and 38 INH- and rifampicin (RFP)-sensitive isolates. The resistance to INH and Eto was tested in MTB clinical isolates using the drug susceptibility test, and the mutations in the spacer region of INH and Eto resistance-related katG, inhA, ethA, mshA, ndh, spacer region of oxyR-ahpC and inhA promoter were detected using PCR assay. The phenotypic resistance served as a gold standard, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of gene mutation tests were calculated for detection of MTB clinical isolates cross-resistant to INH and Eto.@*Results@#Of the 126 MTB clinical isolates, there were 37 isolates cross-resistant to INH and Eto (29.37%), 51 isolates with resistance to INH and susceptibility to Eto (40.48%), 4 isolates with susceptibility to INH and resistance to Eto (3.17%) and 34 isolates with susceptibility to INH and Eto (26.98%). Among the 41 Eto-resistant MTB clinical isolates, there were 37 isolates with resistance to INH (90.24%). There were 64 MTB clinical isolates detected with katG mutations (50.79%), 4 isolates with mutation in the spacer region of oxyR-ahpC (3.17%), 2 isolates with inhA mutations (1.59%), and these isolates were all resistant to INH. There were 11 MTB clinical isolates detected with mutation in the inhA promoter (8.73%) and one isolate with ndh mutation, and all these isolates were cross-resistant to INH and Eto. There were 23 MTB clinical isolates detected with ethA mutations (18.25%) and 40 isolates with mshA mutations (31.75%), in which Eto-susceptible and -resistant isolates were detected. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of inhA promoter tests for detection of cross-resistance to INH and Eto were 29.73% (95%CI: 16.44%-47.17%), 100.00% (95%CI: 87.36%-100.00%) and 63.38% (95%CI: 51.76%-73.63%) in MTB clinical isolates.@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of INH resistance is high in Eto-resistant MTB clinical isolates. Mutation in the inhA promoter region correlates with the cross-resistance to INH and Eto in MTB clinical isolates, and detection of mutation in the inhA promoter may be feasible to detect the cross-resistance to INH and Eto in MTB clinical isolates.
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Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect of brazilin on bladder cancer cells and its mechanism.Methods:Chemically synthesized brazilin was synthesized by chemical synthesis. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method was used to detect the inhibitory effect of synthetic brazilin on bladder cancer cells T24 and BIU87. Proteomic technique was used to detect the effect of brazilin on the level of protein in both cells. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot methods were used to verify the effects of brazilin on the expression of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) of both cells at gene and protein level.Results:MTT method showed that brazilin significantly inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer cells T24 and BIU87, and its half inhibitory concentration ( IC50) of T24 cell and BIU87 cell was 9.9 μg/ml and 5.1 μg/ml,respectively. Proteomic results showed that brazilin could regulate the protein expression of PRC1 in both cells, which was verified by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Conclusion:Brazilin suppresses bladder cancer cell growth possibly by downregulating PRC1.
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Objective:To analyze the correlation between the body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) decline in physical examination population of different genders.Methods:Clinical data of the cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and body composition analysis of 439 people who received physical examination in the Medical Examination Center of Peking University Third Hospital from May 2021 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The general data, physical examination, biochemical parameters, body composition and CPET results were collected. The subjects were divided into normal group and decline group according to the percentage of peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak) levels ≥ 85% or<85%. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to investigate the influencing factors of CRF decline in subjects of different genders. Results:Among men, total cholesterol and triglyceride in the decline group were significantly higher than those in the normal group [(5.097±0.890) vs (4.865±0.856) mmol/L, (1.778±1.200) vs (1.485±0.709) mmol/L], and the blood homocysteine (Hcy) and skeletal muscle index were significantly lower than those in the normal group [13.00 (11.30, 15.90) vs 13.80 (12.05, 17.10) μmol/L, (7.89±0.65) vs (8.08±0.64) kg/m 2] (all P<0.05). Among women, skeletal muscle index in the decline group was significantly lower than that in the normal group [(6.21±0.52) vs (6.53±0.56)kg/m 2], and percent body fat was significantly higher than that in the normal group [(32.83±4.92)% vs (31.21±4.55)%] (all P<0.05). The elevation of triglyceride level ( OR=1.487, 95% CI: 1.042-2.121) and visceral fat area ( OR=1.032, 95% CI: 1.014-1.051) were positively correlated with the decline of CRF in man, the decrease of skeletal muscle index ( OR=0.215, 95% CI: 0.106-0.435) and the increase of percent body fat ( OR=1.149, 95% CI: 1.060-1.245) were positively correlated with the decrease of CRF in women (all P<0.05). Conclusions:There is a correlation between body composition and CRF decline in physical examination population of different genders. Men should control visceral fat more effectively, and women should pay attention to increase muscle mass while reducing body fat, in order to improve CRF.
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Objective:To investigate the inhibiting effect of Sufuning Lotion (SFN) on bladder carcinoma T24 cells.Methods:Trypan blue exclusion test was performed to observe the killing effect of 2 mg/ml SFN at different time points (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 min) on human bladder carcinoma T24 cells; the inhibiting effect of SFN with different concentrations (8.0, 12.0, 18.0, 27.0, 40.5 μg/ml) for 48 h on proliferation of T24 cells was assessed by using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The half inhibitory concentration ( IC50) was identified. T24 cells were treated with IC50 SFN for 24, 48, 72 h, and then the change of proliferation inhibition rate of T24 cells was detected. The nude mice subcutaneous model (30 mice) and intraperitoneal tumor xenograft model (30 mice) were prepared according to T24 cells inoculated method. After inoculation for 24 h, both animal models were divided into 5 groups with 6 animals in each group based on the random number method, including the control group (0.9% NaCl solution), the SFN 200 mg/kg group, the SFN 300 mg/kg group, the SFN 400 mg/kg group and the mitomycin group, and then the control group and three SFN groups were intraperitoneally injected for 6 d, while the mitomycin 1 mg/kg group was injected with 1 mg/kg mitomycin every 5 d for once, 2 times in total. The transplantable tumor volume of subcutaneous tumor xenograft model was measured per week and the mice were sacrificed after 4 weeks. Tumor tissues were taken out to measure the tumor weight and tumor growth inhibition ratio was also evaluated. The survival time of nude mice in intraperitoneal tumor xenograft model was recorded so as to calculate the life extension rate. Results:Trypan blue exclusion test showed that after the function of 2 mg/ml SFN for 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 min, the cell death rate was (17.83±1.56)%, (48.95±1.34)%, (67.46±1.44)%, (75.48±2.12)%, (89.41±1.35)%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( F = 1 213.264, P < 0.01). MTT assay showed that SFN inhibited the proliferation of T24 cells in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner, and the IC50 of cell proliferation at 48 h was (14.36±0.35) μg/ml. After the function of 14.36 μg/ml SFN for 24, 48, 72 h, the proliferation inhibitory rate of T24 cells was (39.5±0.9)%, (50.6±0.7)%, (71.5±1.0)%, respectively, and differences was statistically significant ( F = 1 044.206, P < 0.01). After the nude mice was inoculated with T24 cells for 4 weeks, the tumor volume and tumor weight in the SFN 200 mg/kg group, the SFN 300 mg/kg group, the SFN 400 mg/kg group and the mitomycin group were lower than those in the control group [the tumor volume: (0.925±0.136) cm 3, (0.833±0.171) cm 3, (0.652±0.117) cm 3, (0.482± 0.120) cm 3 vs. (1.231±0.210) cm 3, respectively; the tumor weight: (1.56±0.20) g, (1.42±0.21) g, (1.19±0.22) g, (0.97±0.16) g vs. (1.98±0.30) g], and differences were statistically significant ( F = 20.153, P < 0.01; F = 17.325, P < 0.01); there were no significant differences in the tumor volume and weight between the SFN 400 mg/kg group and the mitomycin group ( t = 1.898, P = 0.069; t = 1.739, P = 0.094), the inhibition rate of subcutaneous tumor xenograft model was 20.94%, 28.28%, 39.66%, 51.14%, respectively in the SFN 200 mg/kg group, the SFN 300 mg/kg group, the SFN 400 mg/kg group and the mitomycin group. The survival time of intraperitoneal nude mice in the SFN groups and the mitomycin group was prolonged compared with that in the control group [(32.7±3.2) d, (34.0±4.5) d, (34.3±2.3) d, (35.3±2.0) d vs. (21.7±4.8) d], and there was a statistically significant difference ( F = 15.179, P < 0.01), the life extension ratio was 50.76%, 56.90%, 58.42%, 63.04%, respectively. Conclusion:SFN can inhibit the proliferation of T24 cells, and it has an anti-tumor effect on the T24-bearing nude mice.
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Objective:To investigate the prognostic value of neuroelectromyography in peripheral facial paralysis and its correlation with House-Brackman classification.Methods:Seventy-eight patients with peripheral facial paralysis who received treatment in Yiwu Central Hospital, China between January 2016 and January 2019 were included in this study. All patients underwent neuroelectromyography. Bilateral nerve conduction velocity, latency, amplitude, and the needle electrode electrogram of orbicularis oris muscles, rbicularis oculi muscles and frontal muscles were analyzed and recorded. After 3 months of treatment, the correlation between prognosis and House-Brackman classification was analyzed.Results:Electromyography examination of 78 patients revealed among 68 patients presenting with prolonged latency, the latency on the affected side was significantly longer than that on the healthy side [(3.78 ± 0.33) ms vs. (2.89 ± 0.35) ms], t = 15.256, P < 0.001]. Among 73 patients presenting with decreased M amplitude, M amplitude on the affected side was significantly lower than that on the healthy side [(0.60 ± 0.27) mV vs. (1.83 ± 0.29) mV, t = 26.522, P < 0.001]. Among 78 patients, normal electromyography findings were observed in 2 patients and abnormal findings in 76 patients, with an abnormal rate of 97.44%. Among 78 patients, 46 patients presented with fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves in the resting state, 40 patients presented with long duration and multiphase wave percentage of motor unit action potential in mild contraction, and 52 patients presented with abnormal recruitment potential in severe contraction. Three months of follow-up revealed that 23 out of 25 patients with mild peripheral facial paralysis had a complete recovery, with the cure rate of 92.00% (23/25), 28 out of 36 patients with moderate peripheral facial paralysis had a complete recovery, with the cure rate of 77.78% (28/36), 7 out of 10 patients with mild and moderate peripheral facial paralysis had a complete recovery, with the cure rate of 70.00% (7/10), and 3 out of 5 patients with severe peripheral facial paralysis had a complete recovery, with the cure rate of 60.00% (3/5). Conclusion:Neuroelectromyography can improve the accuracy in the identification of injury degree of peripheral facial paralysis and has a strong correlation with House-Brackman classification. Therefore, neuroelectromyography can provide a reference for diagnosis and treatment of peripheral facial paralysis.
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Aiming at the continuous advancement and deepening of curriculum ideological and political education in medical courses, taking the recent outbreak of public health emergency as an example, this paper expounds the feasibility of taking public health emergencies as typical cases of ideological and political education in public health courses in medical colleges from medical ethics, national spirit, policy guidelines, medical and health administrative system, social benefits and economic evaluation, scientific research collaboration, international cooperation and other aspects, in order to realize the simultaneous development of professional education and ideological and political education, and cultivate more high-quality medical talents with both merit and talent.
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Objective:To explore the characteristics of multimodal ultrasound before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and the degree of postoperative pathological remission and B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) .Methods:From Jan. 2018 to Dec. 2020, female breast cancer patients who underwent breast-conserving or total mastectomy surgery at Shaanxi Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the research objects. Routine ultrasound, automatic breast full-volume imaging, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound were performed before chemotherapy. The postoperative pathological remission was evaluated according to Miller and Payne’s modified pathological response grading standard. The expression of BCL-2 in breast cancer tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Univariate analysis was performed on the characteristics of MHR, NMHR and bcl-2 with different expression status. Then, binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the significant variables in univariate analysis.Results:Among 186 patients, 84 patients (45.2%) were in MHR group and 102 patients (54.8%) in NMHR group after NAC surgery. The maximum diameter of mass in NMRH group was > 4 cm. The proportion of CM, irregular shape of mass, microcalcification, high enhancement of CEUS and perfusion defect (62.7%, 62.7%, 70.6%, 62.7%, 66.7%) was significantly higher than that of MRH group (38.1%, 40.5%, 39.3%, 41.7%, 31.0%, P<0.05) . The proportion of irregular shape, microcalcification, Alder blood flow grade 2-3, hyperenhancement and peripheral radiation enhancement in low bcl-2 expression patients (65.1%, 69.8%, 65.1%, 71.7%, 72.6%, respectively) was significantly higher than that in high Bcl-2 expression patients (36.2%, 38.7%, 27.5%, 28.7%, 38.8% respectively) (all P<0.05) . Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that irregular masses, with microcalcifications, and high CEUS performance were independent risk factors for NMHR (all P<0.05) ; irregular masses, with microcalcifications, and CEUS manifestations of peripheral radial enhancement were independent risk factors for low expression of BCL-2 (all P<0.05) . Conclusion:Multimodal ultrasound features can be used to predict the degree of pathological remission and the expression of BCL-2 in breast cancer patients with NAC, which helps to select treatment options and predict the prognosis of patients.
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Objective:To observe the clinical characteristics of esophageal reflux after total gastrectomy (ERATG), and to explore the mechanism of occurrence.Methods:Fourteen gastric cancer patients who underwent total gastrectomy were prospectively enrolled in this study. The postoperative symptoms were observed and recorded and 24 h MII-pH with pH monitoring was performed to investigate the characteristics of postoperative reflux.Results:After total gastrectomy patients were with different degrees of ERATG as heartburn, appetite loss, chest tightness and belching. The overall nature of ERATG is mainly weak acid, with a pH between 4 and 7. ERATG involved esophageal-jejunal anastomosis and a length of esophagus 7 cm above the anastomosis. Patients with typical reflux symptoms had a lower pH minimum in the upright position than those without typical symptoms[(4.76±0.71) vs.(5.68±0.37), t=2.866, P<0.05]. Patients with typical reflux symptoms had a higher frequency of reflux of mixed liquid and liquid-air reflux than those without typical symptoms[liquid(31.25±29.76) vs.(4.50±9.14), t=0.011, P<0.05; liquid-air(19.50±12.99) vs.(2.00±2.61), t=0.004, P<0.05]. Conclusion:ERATG is mainly a upward reflux of weakly acidic gas, with typical symptoms of heartburn, appetite loss, chest tightness and belching. Patients with typical symptoms usually have lower pH in the upright position.
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To investigate the clinical significance of serum soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). A total of 44 CAP patients, 54 severe CAP patients and 30 healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. Serum soluble PD-L1 were detected. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to assess the influence of multiple clinical variables on prognosis. Serum soluble PD-L1 level in severe CAP group was 98.20(57.94, 128.90) ng/L, which was significantly higher than that in the CAP group [59.32(33.55, 92.58) ng/L] and healthy controls [20.44(12.15, 36.20) ng/L] (all P<0.001). PD-L1 level was positively correlated with CRUB-65( r=0.481, P<0.001) and the pneumonia severity index (PSI) score ( r=0.442, P<0.001). Univariate regression analysis showed that CURB-65 ( HR=2.544, 95% CI 1.324-4.889, P=0.005), PSI score ( HR=1.036, 95% CI 1.012-1.061, P=0.004), soluble PD-L1( HR=1.013, 95% CI 1.001-1.026, P=0.041) were risk factors of mortality during hospitalization. Multivariate regression analysis suggested that PSI score ( HR=1.042, 95% CI 1.012-1.073, P=0.005), soluble PD-L1 ( HR=1.011, 95% CI 1.002-1.071, P=0.020) were independent predictors for mortality risk in CAP patients. CAP patients with soluble PD-L1≥98.20 ng/L had a significantly lower survival rate than those with soluble PD-L1<98.20 ng/L ( P=0.033). In conclusion, this study indicates that serum soluble PD-L1 level in CAP patients is correlated with the survival prognosis.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of attention and interpretation therapy on fatigue and sleep quality in patients with gastrointestinal tumor during chemotherapy.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2019, eighty-four patients with gastrointestinal tumor hospitalized in two hospitals (third-grade class-A) in Ningxia were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table, they were divided into the control group and the observation group with 42 cases in each group. Patients in the two groups received routine care. On this basis, the observation group received 10 weeks of attention and interpretation therapy. Cancer patients fatigue scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) scale were used to evaluate before intervention, 10 weeks after intervention and 3 months after intervention. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Independent sample t-test and repeated measure analysis of variance were used for comparison between groups. Results:(1) The time effect, inter group effect and interaction effect of fatigue total scores and each dimension score of the two groups were significant (all P<0.01). Further simple effect analysis showed that there were significant differences in the total score and each dimension score of fatigue between the control group and the observation group at 10 weeks after intervention and 3 months after intervention (all P<0.01). (2) The time effect, inter group effect and interaction effect of PSQI total score, sleep quality, sleep time, sleep disorder score were significant (all P<0.01), but the time effect, inter group effect and interaction effect of sleep efficiency, daytime dysfunction and hypnotic drug use score were not significant (all P>0.05). Further simple effect analysis showed that there were significant differences in PSQI total score, sleep quality, sleep time, sleep time and sleep disorder scores between the control group and the observation group 10 weeks after the intervention(PSQI total score (6.83±2.46) vs (10.79±1.01); sleep quality (1.00±0.22) vs (1.24±0.82); sleep time (0.91±0.26) vs (1.40±0.86); sleep time (1.00±0.20) vs (2.02±0.72); sleep disorder (0.79±0.22) vs (1.60±0.59) and 3 months after the intervention(all P<0.01). Conclusion:Attention and interpretation therapy can effectively alleviate the fatigue of gastrointestinal tumor patients during chemotherapy, and improve sleep quality.
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Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a chronic disease but causes the highest mortality and morbidity among the cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Correlations between CAD and gut microbiota have been observed. This suggests that the gut microbiota could become a vital diagnostic marker of CAD, and restoring the gut habitat may become a promising strategy for CAD therapy. The elevated level of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, was found to be associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease and the all-cause mortality. Preclinical studies have shown that it has pro-arteriosclerosis properties. It is likely that regulating the production of TMAO by gut microbiota may become a promising strategy for anti-atherosclerosis therapy. This review summarizes the clinical and preclinical researches on the intervention of CAD by regulating the gut microbiota and the microbiota-derived metabolite TMAO, with the aim to provide new target for the therapy of CAD.
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Humans , Coronary Artery Disease , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Methylamines , OxidesABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effects of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on the biological behaviors of gastric cancer cell line MKN45.Methods:The PD-L1 gene of gastric cancer cell line MKN45 was silenced by RNA interference technique. MKN45 cells were divided into blank control group, si-NC group (transfected with siRNA-NC) and si-PD-L1 group (transfected with siRNA-PD-L1). Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of PD-L1 and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT)-related proteins E-cadherin, Vimentin and Snail in MKN45 cells, and Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of PD-L1 protein in MKN45 cells of each group. Transwell migration test, Transwell invasion test and MTT test were used to detect the migration, invasion and adhesion abilities of MKN45 cells.Results:The relative expression levels of PD-L1 mRNA in the blank control group, si-NC group and si-PD-L1 group were 1.002±0.092, 1.005±0.121 and 0.237±0.017, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=75.61, P<0.001). The protein expression levels of PD-L1 in the three groups were 0.944±0.028, 1.008±0.088 and 0.269±0.015, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=172.99, P<0.001). The mRNA and protein expression levels of PD-L1 in the si-PD-L1 group were lower than those in the other two groups (all P<0.001), but there were no statistically significant differences between the blank control group and si-NC group (all P>0.05). The cell migration rates of the blank control group, si-NC group and si-PD-L1 group were (1.000±0.020)%, (1.012±0.084)% and (0.488±0.050)%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=80.73, P<0.001). The cell invasion rates of the three groups were (0.929±0.087)%, (0.924±0.208)% and (0.300±0.100)%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=19.37, P<0.001), and the cell adhesion rates of the three groups were (100.000±5.407)%, (99.280±4.845)% and (59.723±2.674)%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=79.87, P<0.001). Compared with the blank control group and si-NC group, the migration, invasion and adhesion abilities of MKN45 cells in the si-PD-L1 group decreased significantly (all P<0.001). The expression levels of E-cadherin mRNA of the three groups were 1.000±0.023, 0.981±0.051, 3.618±0.201, the expression levels of Vimentin mRNA were 1.000±0.043, 1.108±0.150, 0.328±0.011, the expression levels of Snail mRNA were 1.061±0.103, 1.090±0.110, 0.304±0.043, respectively, with statistically significant differences ( F=477.17, P<0.001; F=65.97, P<0.001; F=72.70, P<0.001). Compared with the blank control group and si-NC group, the mRNA expression levels of Vimentin and Snail of MKN45 cells in the si-PD-L1 group decreased, while the expression level of E-cadherin mRNA increased, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). Conclusion:Silencing the expression of PD-L1 can reduce the migration, invasion and adhesion abilities of MKN45 cells, and the mechanism may be related to the effect of PD-L1 on the EMT pathway of gastric cancer.
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Objective:To investigate the efficacy of different doses of vitamin C (VC) in prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice.Methods:C57BL/6 mice were fed with high-fat diet to establish NAFLD models. The experimental animals were divided into early prevention and later treatment groups. Both of these two experimental processes had five subgroups, including control, high-fat diet (HFD), low-dose vitamin C (LD-VC, 15 mg/kg per day), medium-dose vitamin C (MD-VC, 30 mg/kg per day) and high-dose vitamin C (HD-VC, 90 mg/kg per day) subgroup, with six mice in each subgroup. In the early prevention group, the mice were prophylactically received VC for 12 weeks. In the later treatment group, the mice were treated with different dose of VC for 12 weeks after fed with HFD for six weeks and confirmed NAFLD by liver pathology. The differences in body weight, perirenal adipose tissue mass and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), and triacylglycerol (TG) were observed among different groups. The scores of hepatocyte steatosis, lobular inflammation and ballooning in liver histopathology of mice in each group were evaluated by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (NAS) scoring system. Tukey′s multiple comparison test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were performed for statistical analysis. Results:In the early prevention group, the body weight, perirenal adipose tissue mass, TG level and the score of liver steatosis of LD-VC subgroup were all lower than those of HFD subgroup ((30.27±0.94) g vs. (32.18±1.35) g, (0.25±0.05) g vs. (0.32±0.02) g, (0.25±0.02) mmol/L vs. (0.30±0.03) mmol/L, 0 vs. 1.0(1.0)). The body weight, perirenal adipose tissue mass, blood glucose level, TG level and score of liver steatosis of MD-VC subgroup were all lower than those of HFD subgroup ( (29.72±0.58) g vs. (32.18±1.35) g, (0.24±0.05) g vs. (0.32±0.02) g, (6.93±0.59) mmol/L vs. (8.33±1.02) mmol/L, (0.24±0.04) mmol/L vs. (0.30±0.03) mmol/L, 0 vs. 1.0(1.0)); meanwhile, the blood glucose level and TG level of HD-VC subgroup were both lower than those of HFD subgroup ((6.72±0.59) mmol/L vs. (8.33±1.02) mmol/L, (0.23±0.04) mmol/L vs. (0.30±0.03) mmol/L), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). In the later treatment group, TG level of LD-VC subgroup was lower than that of HFD subgroup ((0.25±0.07) mmol/L vs. (0.37±0.06) mmol/L); the body weight, perirenal adipose tissue mass, blood glucose level, TG level and liver steatosis score of MD-VC subgroup were lower than those of HFD subgroup ((29.93±1.28) g vs. (33.24±2.45) g, (0.29±0.08) g vs. (0.53±0.14) g, (7.63±0.57) mmol/L vs. (9.13±1.52) mmol/L, (0.23±0.03) mmol/L vs. (0.37±0.06) mmol/L, 0.5(1.0) vs. 2.0(1.0)); the blood glucose level and TG level of HD-VC subgroup were both lower than those of HFD subgroup ((7.20±0.72) mmol/L vs. (9.13±1.52) mmol/L, (0.19±0.03) mmol/L vs. (0.37±0.06) mmol/L); however the body weight, liver weight, perirenal adipose tissue mass and lobular inflammation score of HD-VC subgroup were all high than those of HFD subgroup( (36.34±2.44) g vs. (33.24±2.45) g, (1.18±0.07) g vs. (1.06±0.09) g, (0.78±0.17) g vs. (0.53±0.14) g, 1.0(1.0) vs.0(1.0)), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The body weight, perirenal adipose tissue mass and the score of liver steatosis, lobular inflammation and ballooning of LD-VC subgroup of the early prevention group were all lower than those of LD-VC subgroup of the later treatment group ((30.27±0.94) g vs. (34.75±1.64) g, (0.25±0.05) g vs. (0.61±0.14) g, 0 vs.1.5(1.0), 0 vs. 0.5(1.0), 0 vs. 1.0(0)); and the body weight, liver weight, perirenal adipose tissue mass, ALT level, AST level and scores of liver steatosis and lobulor inflammation of HD-VC subgroup of the early prevention group were all lower than those of HD-VC subgroup of the late treatment group ((31.78±0.71) g vs. (36.34±2.44) g, (1.01±0.02) g vs. (1.18±0.07) g, (0.30±0.05) g vs. (0.78±0.17) g, (8.83±0.98) U/L vs. (12.75±2.05) U/L, (29.00±4.19) U/L vs. (41.88±14.36) U/L, 1.0(0) vs. 2.5(1.0), 0 vs. 1.0(1.0)), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:MD-VC can prevent the occurrence of NAFLD in mice at an early stage, and it is also benefit to the later treatment of NAFLD in mice. However, HD-VC has potential risks in early prevention and later treatment of NAFLD in mice.
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Objective To revise Experiences in close relationship scale-short form (ECR-S) and e-valuate the reliability and validity of Experiences in Close Relationship Scale-the Chinese Short version (ECR-CS) in Chinese adult population. Methods A sample of 1 572 Chinese adults were chosen through convenient sampling method to test the structural validity,criterion correlation validity,internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability of ECR-CS. Results The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that ECR-CS had a two-factor structure and data fitted this two-factor structure well,χ2/df=3. 57,CFI=0. 95,GFI=0. 95,AGFI=0. 92,TLI=0. 92,NFI=0. 93,RMSEA=0. 07,SRMr=0. 04. In ECR-CS,the Cronbach's alpha coefficients for attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance were respectively 0. 85 and 0. 88,the test-retest reliability with an interval of two weeks were respectively 0. 75 and 0. 80. With reference to relevant studies,self-esteem scale(SES),social avoidance and distress scale(SADS) and depression,anxi-ety and stress scale(DASS) were selected as the criterions to test the criterion-related validity of ECR-CS. Attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance of ECR-CS were significantly positively correlated with social avoidance,social distress,depression,anxiety and stress(r=0. 20-0. 43,P<0. 01),and negatively correlated with self-esteem (r=-0. 43--0. 40,P<0. 01),indicating that ECR-CS had a good criterion-related validity. Conclusion ECR-CS has good reliability and validity,which is suitable for the research of adult attachment in Chinese adult population.
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Objective To observe the sensitization of lidocaine on subcutaneous hepatoma H22-bearing mice and abdominal cavity H22 tumor-bearing mice treated by mitomycin. Methods According to the random number table method, the mice were divided into subcutaneous tumor-bearing group and abdominal cavity tumor-bearing group, with 15 mice in each group. The mice in the two groups were further divided into three subgroups: model group, mitomycin group, mitomycin+lidocaine group, with 5 mice in each subgroup. The day before the intraperitoneal injection, the density of H22 cells obtained from peritoneal culture of one mouse was adjusted to 5 ×106/ml. Subcutaneous tumor-bearing group mice were injected H22 cells into the right armpit, and abdominal cavity tumor-bearing group mice were injected H22 cells into the abdominal cavity, 0.2 ml per mouse. Intraperitoneal injection was given after inoculation for 24 h (the experiment day 1), followed by intraperitoneal injection on day 5 and 9. Univariate ANOVA analysis and t test were used to analyze the solid tumor weight and tumor inhibition rate on the 11th day of subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice, and the survival time and life extension rate within 60 days of abdominal cavity tumor-bearing mice. Results The solid tumor weight of subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice model group, mitomycin group and mitomycin + lidocaine group were (3.77 ±1.02) g, (1.67 ±0.28) g, (0.74 ±0.19) g, respectively, and the differences in the three groups were statistically different (F = 31.753, P < 0.01); compared with the subcutaneous model group, the subcutaneous solid tumor weights of mitomycin group and mitomycin +lidocaine group were decreased and the differences were both statistically different (t=2.10, P<0.01; t=3.04, P<0.01); the subcutaneous solid tumor weight of mitomycin+lidocaine group was lower than that of mitomycin group (t= 0.93, P= 0.034). The tumor inhibition rate of mitomycin group and mitomycin +lidocaine group reached 55.70％ and 80.37％ respectively. The survival time of abdominal cavity tumor-bearing mice in model group, mitomycin group and mitomycin + lidocaine group was (16.80±0.84) d, (28.80± 6.30) d, (40.40±12.86) d, respectively, and the differences in the three groups were statistically different (F=10.155, P=0.003); compared with the abdominal cavity tumor-bearing mice model group, the survival time of mice in mitomycin group and mitomycin + lidocaine group was prolonged (t= 12.00, P= 0.041; t= 23.60, P= 0.001), and it was found that survival time in mitomycin + lidocaine group was longer than that in mitomycin group (t=11.60, P=0.047). The life extension rate of mitomycin group and mitomycin+lidocaine group reached 71.43％ and 140.48％ respectively. Conclusion Lidocaine can increase the sensitization of mitomycin on hepatoma H22-bearing mice.
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OBJECTIVE@#To assess the association of 5A/6A polymorphism in the promoter region of MMP3 gene with the stability of extracellular matrix of atherosclerotic plaque.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 776 consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was reviewed. MMP3 gene polymorphisms and serum level of MMP3 for the second admission were collected. The target gene fragment containing MMP3 promoter region was transfected into HepG2 vector cells. The influence of the polymorphism on the expression of the MMP3 gene was determined in vitro.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the first admission data, the proportion of mutant MMP3 genotypes (5A/5A+5A/6A) was significantly higher in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared with the control group (37.6% vs. 24.9%, P<0.01). 64.1% of the patients carrying the 5A allele had AMI, whereas only 50.11% of those carrying the 6A allele had AMI (P<0.01). The proportion of wild-type MMP3 genotype (6A/6A) was significantly higher in the stenotic group compared with the non-restenosis group (79.5% vs. 66.5%, P<0.01). Restenosis has occurred in 9.5% of patients harboring the 5A allele compared with 16.2% in those carrying the 6A allele (P<0.01). In addition, serum level of MMP3 in the restenosis group was significantly lower than that of the non-restenosis group (P<0.01). In vitro studies confirmed that the expression of pGL2-Basic/6A was significantly lower than that of pGL2-Basic/5A.@*CONCLUSION@#The 5A/6A polymorphism in the promoter region of the MMP3 gene may influence its transcriptional activity and impact on the degradation or push-up of extracellular matrix, resulting in a difference in the stability of atherosclerosis plaques, which in turn may induce different pathological processes in AMI or restenosis after stenting.